Good packing and budget planning save you a lot of hassle in Salzburg, a city best explored mostly on foot over uneven cobblestone pavements.

Packing: The single most important item is comfortable, sturdy-soled walking shoes, since the Old Town is cobblestoned and includes slopes up toward the fortress and surrounding hills. Bring adjustable clothing layers regardless of season; even summer evenings can turn cool, while winter demands a heavy coat, gloves, and a scarf against the dry cold, which can drop below freezing. A compact umbrella or light rain jacket is useful year-round given how quickly alpine weather can change. Don't forget a Type C/F power adapter, since local voltage is 230V. A small practical backpack helps for moving between sights, plus a simple luggage lock if you'll use station lockers.

Budget: As a rough guideline, a mid-range traveler can budget €100-180 per day, covering a 3-4 star hotel, two main meals, and entry fees to two attractions. Staying in a budget hostel or a furnished apartment can bring that down to €60-90. The Salzburg Card (available in 24, 48, or 72-hour options) is worth buying if you plan to visit the fortress, the palace, and a museum in a single day, as it covers entry plus public transport and often provides meaningful savings compared to buying tickets individually.

Money-saving tips: Explore the Old Town on foot for free rather than taking short taxi rides, have your main meal at lunch when restaurants often offer a cheaper "Mittagsmenü" set menu than the same dish costs at dinner, and buy a refillable water bottle since Austria's tap water is safe to drink and public spring fountains are widespread and free. Avoid airport currency exchanges, and use a credit card with no foreign transaction fees if you have one. Book fortress tickets and popular tours online in advance to skip queues and sometimes get a modest discount.